Reform Tracker

CON Reform Momentum 2026

Where is reform happening? Each state scored on five dimensions to produce a momentum signal. Green means reform is likely. Red means the status quo is entrenched.

Reform Likely

Score 4-5

Reform Possible

Score 2-3

Reform Stalled

Score 0-1

36 states

Georgia

Most Restrictive

5/5Likely

Score: 95

Bill: HB 1339 (2024)

Enacted

Bill: Yes

Cmte: Yes

Hearing: Yes

Gov: Yes

Prior: Yes

West Virginia

Most Restrictive

3/5Possible

Score: 100

Bill: HB 2013

Failed (13-12)

Bill: Yes

Cmte: Yes

Hearing: Yes

Gov: No

Prior: No

Massachusetts

Highly Restrictive

3/5Possible

Score: 90

Bill: 2024-2025 Reform

Enacted (partial)

Bill: Yes

Cmte: Yes

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Alabama

Highly Restrictive

3/5Possible

Score: 80

Bill: SB 82 (2026)

Failed

Bill: Yes

Cmte: Yes

Hearing: Yes

Gov: No

Prior: No

Missouri

Highly Restrictive

2/5Possible

Score: 80

Bill: SB 1268

Introduced

Bill: Yes

Cmte: Yes

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Oklahoma

Mostly Free

2/5Possible

Score: 20

Bill: —

Largely repealed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: Yes

Prior: Yes

Florida

Mostly Free

2/5Possible

Score: 5

Bill: —

Partially repealed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: Yes

Prior: Yes

Montana

Mostly Free

2/5Possible

Score: 5

Bill: —

Mostly repealed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: Yes

Prior: Yes

New Jersey

Most Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: —

Minor exemptions

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

North Carolina

Most Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: Reform bill (2024)

Introduced

Bill: Yes

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Virginia

Most Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: Various COPN bills

Failed repeatedly

Bill: Yes

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Rhode Island

Highly Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 80

Bill: 2026 Repeal Bill

Introduced

Bill: Yes

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Illinois

Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 65

Bill: —

Sunset 2029

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Oregon

Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 65

Bill: —

Partial exemptions

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Louisiana

Restrictive

1/5Stalled

Score: 55

Bill: —

Minor reforms

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Nebraska

Moderate

1/5Stalled

Score: 45

Bill: —

Heavily reformed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Minnesota

Moderate

1/5Stalled

Score: 30

Bill: —

Replaced 1984

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Arkansas

Mostly Free

1/5Stalled

Score: 15

Bill: —

Reformed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

North Dakota

Mostly Free

1/5Stalled

Score: 5

Bill: —

Effectively repealed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Wisconsin

Mostly Free

1/5Stalled

Score: 5

Bill: —

Mostly repealed

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: Yes

Kentucky

Most Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Nevada

Most Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Vermont

Most Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Washington

Most Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 100

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Maryland

Most Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 95

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Connecticut

Highly Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 90

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Washington, D.C.

Highly Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 90

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Iowa

Highly Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 90

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Mississippi

Highly Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 90

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Tennessee

Highly Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 85

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Hawaii

Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 65

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Maine

Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 65

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Michigan

Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 65

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

New York

Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 65

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Alaska

Restrictive

0/5Stalled

Score: 55

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

Delaware

Moderate

0/5Stalled

Score: 45

Bill: —

No activity

Bill: No

Cmte: No

Hearing: No

Gov: No

Prior: No

State	CON	Momentum	Bill Introduced	Committee Assigned	Hearing Held	Governor Support	Prior Reform	Current Bill	Status
GeorgiaMost Restrictive	95	5/5Likely	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	HB 1339 (2024)	Enacted
West VirginiaMost Restrictive	100	3/5Possible	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	HB 2013	Failed (13-12)
MassachusettsHighly Restrictive	90	3/5Possible	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	2024-2025 Reform	Enacted (partial)
AlabamaHighly Restrictive	80	3/5Possible	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	SB 82 (2026)	Failed
MissouriHighly Restrictive	80	2/5Possible	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	SB 1268	Introduced
OklahomaMostly Free	20	2/5Possible	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	—	Largely repealed
FloridaMostly Free	5	2/5Possible	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	—	Partially repealed
MontanaMostly Free	5	2/5Possible	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	—	Mostly repealed
New JerseyMost Restrictive	100	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Minor exemptions
North CarolinaMost Restrictive	100	1/5Stalled	Yes	No	No	No	No	Reform bill (2024)	Introduced
VirginiaMost Restrictive	100	1/5Stalled	Yes	No	No	No	No	Various COPN bills	Failed repeatedly
Rhode IslandHighly Restrictive	80	1/5Stalled	Yes	No	No	No	No	2026 Repeal Bill	Introduced
IllinoisRestrictive	65	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Sunset 2029
OregonRestrictive	65	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Partial exemptions
LouisianaRestrictive	55	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Minor reforms
NebraskaModerate	45	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Heavily reformed
MinnesotaModerate	30	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Replaced 1984
ArkansasMostly Free	15	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Reformed
North DakotaMostly Free	5	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Effectively repealed
WisconsinMostly Free	5	1/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	Yes	—	Mostly repealed
KentuckyMost Restrictive	100	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
NevadaMost Restrictive	100	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
VermontMost Restrictive	100	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
WashingtonMost Restrictive	100	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
MarylandMost Restrictive	95	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
ConnecticutHighly Restrictive	90	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
Washington, D.C.Highly Restrictive	90	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
IowaHighly Restrictive	90	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
MississippiHighly Restrictive	90	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
TennesseeHighly Restrictive	85	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
HawaiiRestrictive	65	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
MaineRestrictive	65	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
MichiganRestrictive	65	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
New YorkRestrictive	65	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
AlaskaRestrictive	55	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity
DelawareModerate	45	0/5Stalled	No	No	No	No	No	—	No activity

Methodology: Each state is scored 0-5 across five dimensions: (1) reform bill introduced in current session, (2) bill has committee assignment, (3) hearing or floor vote held, (4) governor publicly supports reform, (5) state has reformed before. Score 4-5 = reform likely. Score 2-3 = reform possible. Score 0-1 = reform stalled.